Child rights activist and honorary president of the Balala Hakkula Sangham, Achyuta Rao, was assaulted on Friday in Nacharam during a raid to rescue child labourers.
The wife of a professor from the Osmania University was arrested later in the day for allegedly assaulting the activist.
According to reports, officials raided two flats of an apartment after they found that the residences employed a 12-year-old girl and a boy respectively.
In a video of the incident that surfaced, Pushpalatha, the wife of professor Goranayak, is seen shouting and yelling at the officials standing outside her house.
"You don't talk. How can you enter my house unjustly like this and snatch the child?" the woman asks Achyuta.
She then threatens the rescued child who is standing behind the activists, before charging forward and slapping the girl.
The petrified girl is seen breaking down.
Pushpalatha also tries to drag the girl back into the house, but is pushed back by the people present.
She then goes on to assault Achyuta, repeatedly slapping him. Another woman activist who intervened was also slapped.
Achyuta then filed a complaint with the Nacharam police who registered a case against Pushpalatha and arrested her.
"We have arrested her and will produce her before the court," Nacharam inspector N Pravinder Rao told DC.
The children were sent to a rescue home.